Closing Arguments

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to explain why the judge should decide in your favor.  Note that the purpose is to argue, not to summarize facts.  The trial's purpose was to introduce the facts, and by the time of the closing statements you have already introduced the facts.  The closing argument is your opportunity to argue your case.</div> <bR> <div> <B>Differences between Defense and Prosecution/Plaintiff closing statement</b></div> <bR> <div> <B>Defense:</b>  Counsel for the defense review the evidence as presented, indicates how the evidence does not satisfy the elements of the charge or claim (fails the test), stresses the facts favorable to the defense and asks for a finding (verdict) of not guilty (criminal case) or judgment for the defense (civil case).</div> <bR> <div> <B>Plaintiff/Prosecution:</b>  The plaintiff's/prosecution's closing statement should indicate how the evidence has satisfied the elements of the charge or claim (met the requirements of the test), point out the law applicable to the case, and ask for a finding (verdict) of guilty (criminal case), or judgment for the plaintiff (civil case).  Because the burden of proof rests with the plaintiff, his/her attorney makes the final statement in the case.</div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>Tips for a good Closing Argument:</b></div> <div>  </div> <div> Make an argument (don't just summarize facts).</div> <div> Exercise your persuasion and show your sincerity.</div> <div> Respond to the developments from the trial (don't just a read a pre-written script).</div> <div> Avoid reading notes (don't just read a script); it will be more convincing/persuasive to the judge.  Your thesis/case should only be a few words long anyhow, so it should be easy to remember.</div> <div> Be consistent with your theme.  Stick to it and make sure that all evidence supports it.  If evidence does not support your theme, then drop the evidence.</div> <div> Be assertive and professional in your whole demeanor.  End sentences with confidence, not with an inflected voice.  Use strong posture and body language.  At the same time, respect the formality and dignity of the courtroom.</div> <bR> <div> <B>Possible Format/Progression:</b></div> <div> Briefly review the issue statement, the evidence presented, your case/thesis and the burden of proof.</div> <div> Argue your case using the evidence from the trial; show how it does/does not satisfy the test/charge/claim.</div> <div> Indicate the implications for society.</div> <div> Ask for a judgment.</div> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>